What causes Diabetic Retinopathy?
Diabetic retinopathy is a complication of diabetes that affects the eyes. It occurs when high levels of blood sugar damage the small blood vessels in the retina, the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye that helps you see.
The exact cause of diabetic retinopathy is not fully understood, but it is thought to be due to a combination of factors.
Some of the key factors that contribute to diabetic retinopathy include:
- High blood sugar: High blood sugar levels over time can cause damage to the small blood vessels in the retina, leading to swelling, leakage, and eventually blockage.
- High blood pressure: Uncontrolled high blood pressure can damage blood vessels throughout the body, including those in the retina.
- High blood lipids: High levels of cholesterol and other blood lipids can also contribute to damage to the blood vessels in the retina.
- Duration of diabetes: The longer a person has diabetes, the higher their risk of developing diabetic retinopathy.
- Genetics: Some people may be more genetically predisposed to developing diabetic retinopathy.
- Lifestyle factors: Lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol use, and poor diet can also contribute to the development of diabetic retinopathy.
It’s important for people with diabetes to control their blood sugar levels, blood pressure, and blood lipids through proper management and to receive regular eye exams to detect any signs of diabetic retinopathy early on.